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The purpose of this article is to provide useful suggestions for stereo microscope users to help them correctly choose the optimal lighting or lighting system to observe samples. The lighting device used for microscopic observation will have an important influence on the final quality of the image. The choice of lighting device to obtain the best test results depends on the type of sample and its target part, as well as the application field and purpose of microscopic observation [1, 2, 3, 4]. The following information will help microscope users to choose the correct lighting system to achieve the best imaging effect.

Advantages of LED (light emitting diode) lighting devices:

Compared with commonly used halogen lamps, LED microscope illumination technology provides many advantages for microscopic imaging. These advantages include:

Extended service life (extended from 25,000 hours to 50,000 hours)

· Reduce power consumption

·Natural color temperature

· "Cold light" source is lower than heat dissipation (good for temperature-sensitive samples)

· Practical and compact design

· Maintain a constant color temperature even at low brightness levels

Important considerations for selecting lighting installations:

Several important factors should be considered when selecting the appropriate type of lighting device to achieve high-quality microscopic observation and sample imaging:

· What types of samples are to be observed?

· Which parts of the sample are to be analyzed?

· What are the difficulties encountered by the current lighting devices?

· During the microscopic observation, is it necessary to evaluate the sample, for example, with a scalpel, tweezers, soldering iron, or other tools?

Microscope users have to try many types of lighting devices in order to choose the best lighting system. Before users purchase, Leica Microsystems sales personnel or authorized distributors will show users various types of lighting devices.

The Leica LED5000 series of illumination systems are mainly used for higher performance stereo microscopes, such as Leica M125, M165, or M205. Leica LED3000 series systems are mainly used for conventional stereo microscopes, for example, Leica S4, S6, S8 APO, M50, M60, or M80[7]. Some basic information about Leica LED5000 and LED3000 are as follows.

Overview of LED (Light Emitting Diode) Lighting System:

Ring light (RL) can achieve bright and uniform illumination of the sample; it is suitable for many types of samples. In addition, both diffuser and polarized light kits provide ring light. These accessories can reduce glare and spot prominent problems.

The coaxial illuminator (CXI) can guide the beam through the optics and reflect it from the sample, smooth and reflective sample effect**. It is especially useful for evaluating cracks or surface quality.

The near-vertical illuminator (NVI) can place the LED near the optical axis to provide almost shadow-free illumination, which is very useful for samples with grooves and deep holes or requiring long working distances.

The Spotlight Illumination Unit (SLI) is equipped with a flexible gooseneck to provide high-contrast illumination for various types of samples.